Breast Cancer Care Network coordination: analysis in the light of the lean methodology for early diagnosis. / Coordenação da Rede de Atenção ao Câncer de Mama: análise à luz da filosofia lean para o diagnóstico precoce.

This study aimed to analyze the application of the lean philosophy in the Health Care Network (RAS) for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. This case study was produced with data from interviews, document analysis, and observation and was conducted from June to July 2019. The setting was the seat of the municipality of the North Metropolitan Region, Ceará State, Brazil, involving three points of the RAS (Primary Care Unit, Medical Specialties Center, and Polyclinic). The following issues were identified: long waiting times, first-come-first-served care, and insufficient medical workload. Implementing the theoretical model of lean philosophy would reduce the total process time from 36 days to 15 in the Primary Care Unit/Medical Specialty Center flow and from 33 to 13 days in the Primary Care Unit/Polyclinic. The presented model is an efficient reference for improving the management and early diagnosis of breast cancer in the RAS.

Objetivou-se analisar a aplicação da filosofia lean na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama. Trata-se de estudo de caso, com produção dos dados por entrevistas, análise documental e observação, desenvolvido entre junho e julho de 2019. O cenário foi o município sede da Região Metropolitana Norte, CE, Brasil, envolvendo três pontos da RAS (Unidade Básica de Saúde, Centro de Especialidades Médicas e Policlínica). Identificaram-se como problemas: elevado tempo de espera, atendimento por ordem de chegada e insuficiência da carga horária médica. A implementação do modelo teórico da filosofia lean reduziria o tempo total dos processos de 36 dias para 15 no fluxo Unidade Básica de Saúde/Centro de Especialidades Médicas e de 33 para 13 dias na Unidade Básica de Saúde/Policlínica. Verificou-se que o modelo apresentado se configura como referencial eficiente para melhoria da gestão e do diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama na RAS.

Interventions to Improve the Quality in the Organ and Tissue Donation Process.

BACKGROUND: Map Interventions is capable of supporting the multidisciplinary team that works in organ and tissue donation to disseminate quality in this process. METHODS: A scoping review study that was conducted through the steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Fifty-six studies made up the sample. 2018 (no. 07, 12.5%) had the highest number of publications. The country that published the most was the United States (no. 16, 28.56%). The database with the most publications was the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature - CINAHL (no. 15, 26.78%). The most used interventions, which had the most significant impact on the improvement of results and quality, were the use of indicators in all stages of the organ and tissue donation process; the use of real goals that can be achieved; frequent audits, validation of instruments to track opportunities for improvement; as well as methodologies to implement quality and education among professionals who work in this process. Such interventions reveal important changes in the organ donation process, especially in the notification of potential and effective donors, as well as providing an opportunity for safety in the stages of the organ and tissue donation process. CONCLUSION: The interventions tracked suggest the implementation of a set of actions formed by the continuous use of auditing, indicators, continuing education with the team that works in the process of organ and tissue donation, combined with the management of the results obtained through the indicators, where it is generated from these data, actions that have a direct impact on the weaknesses identified.

Patient Undergoing Liver Transplantation: Challenges and Strategies in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the challenges and strategies experienced by patients undergoing liver transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach conducted in a large liver transplant hospital in southern Brazil. RESULTS: The participants included liver transplant patients between the years 2011 and 2022. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured interview. Data analysis comprised approximation of information and calculation of percentages. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients participated. Challenges identified included an increased dependence on others for daily activities, fear and stress due to the possibility of contamination, and the need for isolation from family and friends. Strategies included adaptation to the daily routine, reorganization of tasks inside and outside the home, formation of a support network, and reduced attendance to consultations and exams. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of anguish and suffering of patients facing isolation and separation from family members was observed. Still, the study revealed the strength and determination of the patients to create strategies for preventing the SARS-CoV-2 virus and caring for themselves and their families. The study demonstrates the need for support from the health team in the face of such a scenario.

Quality of child and adolescent care transitions considering the presence of chronic disease.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the quality of child and adolescent care transitions from hospital to home, considering the presence of chronic disease. METHODS: quantitative, cross-sectional study, carried out from February to September 2019 in two hospitals in the south of Brazil. We used an instrument to characterize participants and the Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15) for the legal tutors of children and adolescents that were discharged from the institutions. RESULTS: the general mean of the quality of transition of care was 87.9 (SD=13.4), in a scale from 0 to100). We found a significant difference in the quality of transition of care when comparing patients with and without chronic disease (90.0 and 84.3; p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: we found the quality of the transition of care to be satisfactory, with better results for patients with chronic disease. This can help understand the most impactful aspects in the transition of care, especially in regard to children health.

Time Elapsed Between Cells, Tissues, and Organs Donation and Transplantation and Adverse Events Detection.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to discuss the time elapsed between cell, tissue, and organ donation and transplantation and detection of adverse events notified in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Data were provided by the Transplant Center of the state of São Paulo from the "Individual notification form of adverse reactions in Biovigilance" between 2016 and 2019. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Fifty-two notifications were analyzed, and 3 categories were formed: (1) adverse events detected on the same day of the transplant, 8; (2) adverse events detected between 1 week and 1.5 years after transplant, 40; and (3) adverse events detected 2 years after transplant, 4. CONCLUSION: The discussion on the topic is beginning; however, it is important. Clinical management of transplant recipients and comprehending what is considered an adverse event and the natural course of a patient's life can impact clinical decision-making, public policies, and patient safety research. This study highlights the need to investigate related factors to adverse events, especially the time between the transplant procedure and adverse event detection, to establish clinical guidelines.

Continuity of care for children with chronic conditions: mixed methods research.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the continuity of care for children with chronic conditions from the transition from hospital to home. METHOD: Parallel-convergent mixed-methods research, with a cross-sectional study and Grounded Theory. A characterization instrument and the Care Transitons Measure were applied to 201 legal guardians of children with chronic conditions, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 participants (among professionals and guardians). Data were combined by integration. RESULTS: The efforts of the hospital team to promote continuity of care after discharge from the transition from hospital to home impact on the quality-of-care transition perceived by caregivers, with a mean of 89.5 (standard deviation = 12.5) points. However, the absence of formal mechanisms to guide the transition of care makes it difficult to achieve continuity of care in the health network. CONCLUSION: Continuity of care for children is hindered by barriers, against which hospital care professionals seek individual strategies to overcome them. It is essential to establish institutional actions and public policies aiming at the transition of care to promote continuity of care.

Experience of patients undergoing liver transplantation during the covid-19 pandemic / Experiencia del patients sometido a trasplante hepático durante la pandemia de covid-19 / Vivência do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático durante a pandemia da covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the experience of patients undergoing liver transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: exploratory and qualitative research, developed in a reference hospital in liver transplantation, in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants were liver transplant patients between the years 2011 and 2021. Data collection conducted through a semi-structured script and data analysis performed according to content analysis. Results: from the participation of 23 patients, two categories of analysis emerged: "Perceptions about social isolation", with results related to coping and feelings related to social isolation; and "Actions and information: patients, support network and health services", revealing the meanings of strategies and changes developed in life activities of daily living as well as challenges faced with information and health services during the pandemic period. Conclusion: the study was able to understand liver transplant patients' experience in the face of the challenges they face during the pandemic. It allowed to visualize coping strategies, feelings and meanings based on recipients' perspective. As a contribution, it presents possibilities for achieving improvements in services and attention to weaknesses in health services, providing opportunities for reflections to improve this care and considering the specificities and complexities of the postoperative period of liver transplantation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender la experiencia de los pacientes sometidos a trasplante hepático en la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: investigación exploratoria, con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollada en un hospital de referencia para trasplante hepático, en la ciudad de Florianópolis, Brasil. Los participantes fueron pacientes trasplantados de hígado entre los años 2011 y 2021. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un guión semiestructurado y el análisis de datos se realizó de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido. Resultados: de la participación de 23 pacientes surgieron dos categorías de análisis: "Percepciones sobre el aislamiento social", con resultados relacionados al afrontamiento y sentimientos relacionados al aislamiento social; y "Acciones e información: paciente, red de apoyo y servicios de salud", revelando los significados de las estrategias y cambios desarrollados en las actividades de la vida diaria, así como los desafíos enfrentados con la información y los servicios de salud durante el período de la pandemia. Conclusión: el estudio logró comprender la experiencia de los pacientes trasplantados de hígado frente a los desafíos que enfrentan durante la pandemia. Permitido visualizar estrategias de afrontamiento, sentimientos y significados basados ​​en la propia perspectiva del receptor. Como aporte, presenta posibilidades para lograr mejoras en los servicios y atención a las debilidades de los servicios de salud, brindando espacios de reflexión para mejorar esa atención, considerando las especificidades y complejidades del postoperatorio del trasplante hepático.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a vivência do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático na pandemia da COVID-19. Método: pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida em hospital de referência em transplante hepático, na cidade de Florianópolis, Brasil; os participantes foram pacientes transplantados hepáticos entre os anos de 2011 e 2021. Coleta de dados conduzida por meio de roteiro semiestruturado e análise dos dados realizada conforme análise de conteúdo. Resultados: da participação dos 23 pacientes, duas categorias de análise emergiram: "percepções acerca do isolamento social" com resultados relacionados aos enfrentamentos e sentimentos referentes ao isolamento social e "e "ações e informações: paciente, rede de apoio e serviços de saúde" desvelando os significados das estratégias e mudanças desenvolvidas nas atividades de vida diária bem como os desafios em face das informações e dos serviços de saúde durante o período da pandemia. Conclusão: o estudo foi capaz de compreender a vivência dos pacientes transplantados hepáticos ante os desafios enfrentados por eles durante a pandemia. Permitiu visualizar estratégias de enfrentamento, sentimentos e significados com base na perspectiva do próprio receptor. Como contribuição, apresenta possibilidades de alcance de melhorias nos serviços e de atenção às fragilidades dos serviços de saúde, oportunizando reflexões para a melhoria desse cuidado, considerando as especificidades e complexidades do pós-operatório do transplante hepático.

Validação do conteúdo de um instrumento para atendimento hemoterápico no transplante hepático: promovendo biovigilância em saúde / Content validation of an instrument for hemotherapy attention in liver transplants: promoting biomonitoring in health

RESUMO Objetivo desenvolver e validar o conteúdo de um instrumento para acompanhamento do atendimento hemoterápico ao paciente de transplante hepático. Métodos estudo metodológico realizado em duas etapas: 1) Revisão de escopo para identificar tópicos pertinentes à elaboração do instrumento; 2) Validação do conteúdo junto a cinco especialistas em duas rodadas, utilizando a técnica Delphi. Resultados a versão final do instrumento para atendimento hemoterápico ao paciente de transplante hepático consistiu-se em quatro dimensões: Identificação do Paciente; Pré-Operatório; Intraoperatório; e Pós-Operatório, totalizando 54 itens. Após a segunda rodada, todos os itens obtiveram índice de validação de conteúdo de 0,8 ou superior, resultando em um escore final de 0,97 para o instrumento. Conclusão o instrumento demonstrou evidências de validade de conteúdo, tornando-se uma ferramenta útil para o acompanhamento do atendimento hemoterápico a pacientes submetidos a transplante hepático. Contribuições para a prática a validação deste instrumento permitirá às equipes da agência transfusional e de transplantes obterem informações essenciais para orientar um atendimento hemoterápico eficiente e seguro durante todo o processo de transplante hepático.

ABSTRACT Objective to develop and validate the content of an instrument to monitor hemotherapy attention in liver transplant patients. Methods methodological study in two stages: 1) Scoping review to identify relevant topics for the elaboration of the instrument; 2) Content validation with five specialists in two rounds, using the Delphi technique. Results the final version of the instrument for hemotherapy care to liver transplant patients had four dimensions: Patient identification; Preoperative; Intraoperative; and Postoperative, to a total of 54 items. After the second round, all items had a content validation index of 0.8 or higher, and the instrument had a final score of 0.97. Conclusion the instrument showed evidence of content validity, meaning it is a useful tool to monitor hemotherapy care for liver transplant patients. Contributions to practice the validation of this instrument will provide teams of transfusion and transplant centers with essential information to guide safe and efficient hemotherapy attention during the entirety of the liver transplant process.

Software para apoio à decisão logística no processo de captação e transplante de órgãos / Software de apoyo a la decisión logística en el proceso de obtención y trasplante de órganos / Software to support logistic decision in the process of organ acquisition and transplantation

Objetivo: desenvolver e avaliar um software para apoio à tomada de decisão dos profissionais da central de transplantes nas definições logísticas envolvidas no processo de captação e distribuição de órgãos para transplante. Método: estudo de produção tecnológica aplicada, sustentado pelo método Design Science Research Methodology. Participaram da etapa de avaliação da usabilidade dez enfermeiros da Central de Transplantes de Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados ocorreu de 1 a 20 de julho de 2021 por meio do questionário System Usability Scale. Resultados: o software utilizou linguagem JavaScript com ReactJS e PHP com Laravel, para o banco de dados PostgreSQL. A avaliação obteve escore médio de 98,25, sendo sua usabilidade considerada como melhor alcançável. Conclusão: o software demonstrou ser adequado e funcional, com fácil manuseio, reunindo informações integradas e objetivas. Representa um avanço na área, propondo uma inovação tecnológica para a gestão e apoio às decisões logísticas envolvidas no processo de captação e transplante de órgãos.

Objetivo: desenvolver e avaliar um software para apoio à tomada de decisão dos profissionais da central de transplantes nas definições logísticas envolvidas no processo de captação e distribuição de órgãos para transplante. Método: estudo de produção tecnológica aplicada, sustentado pelo método Design Science Research Methodology. Participaram da etapa de avaliação da usabilidade dez enfermeiros da Central de Transplantes de Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados ocorreu de 1 a 20 de julho de 2021 por meio do questionário System Usability Scale. Resultados: o software utilizou linguagem JavaScript com ReactJS e PHP com Laravel, para o banco de dados PostgreSQL. A avaliação obteve escore médio de 98,25, sendo sua usabilidade considerada como melhor alcançável. Conclusión: o software demonstrou ser adequado e funcional, com fácil manuseio, reunindo informações integradas e objetivas. Representa um avanço na área, propondo uma inovação tecnológica para a gestão e apoio às decisões logísticas envolvidas no processo de captação e transplante de órgãos.

Objective: to develop and evaluate a software to support the decision-making of transplant center professionals in the logistic definitions involved in the process of organ procurement and distribution for transplantation. Method: applied technological production study, supported by the Design Science Research Methodology method. Ten nurses from the Transplant Center of Santa Catarina participated in the usability evaluation stage. Data collection took place from 1 to 20 July 2021 through the System Usability Scale questionnaire. Results: the software used JavaScript language with ReactJS and PHP with Laravel, for the PostgreSQL database. The evaluation obtained a mean score of 98.25, and its usability is considered as best achievable. Conclusion: the software proved to be adequate and functional, with easy handling, gathering integrated and objective information. It represents a breakthrough in the area, proposing a technological innovation for the management and support to the logistic decisions involved in the process of organ procurement and transplantation.

Coordenação da Rede de Atenção ao Câncer de Mama: análise à luz da filosofia lean para o diagnóstico precoce / Breast Cancer Care Network coordination: analysis in the light of the lean methodology for early diagnosis

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a aplicação da filosofia lean na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama. Trata-se de estudo de caso, com produção dos dados por entrevistas, análise documental e observação, desenvolvido entre junho e julho de 2019. O cenário foi o município sede da Região Metropolitana Norte, CE, Brasil, envolvendo três pontos da RAS (Unidade Básica de Saúde, Centro de Especialidades Médicas e Policlínica). Identificaram-se como problemas: elevado tempo de espera, atendimento por ordem de chegada e insuficiência da carga horária médica. A implementação do modelo teórico da filosofia lean reduziria o tempo total dos processos de 36 dias para 15 no fluxo Unidade Básica de Saúde/Centro de Especialidades Médicas e de 33 para 13 dias na Unidade Básica de Saúde/Policlínica. Verificou-se que o modelo apresentado se configura como referencial eficiente para melhoria da gestão e do diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama na RAS.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the application of the lean philosophy in the Health Care Network (RAS) for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. This case study was produced with data from interviews, document analysis, and observation and was conducted from June to July 2019. The setting was the seat of the municipality of the North Metropolitan Region, Ceará State, Brazil, involving three points of the RAS (Primary Care Unit, Medical Specialties Center, and Polyclinic). The following issues were identified: long waiting times, first-come-first-served care, and insufficient medical workload. Implementing the theoretical model of lean philosophy would reduce the total process time from 36 days to 15 in the Primary Care Unit/Medical Specialty Center flow and from 33 to 13 days in the Primary Care Unit/Polyclinic. The presented model is an efficient reference for improving the management and early diagnosis of breast cancer in the RAS.

Perfil de profissionais e organização do trabalho em centrais de transplantes / Perfil de los profesionales y organización del trabajo en los centros de trasplante / Profile of professionals and organization of work in transplant centers

Objetivo: identificar o perfil de profissionais e a organização do trabalho nas centrais nacional e estaduais de transplante. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, realizada com 34 profissionais das centrais de transplantes. Realizou-se coleta de dados entre junho e setembro de 2020, por meio de questionário eletrônico. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva. Resultados: as equipes de transplantes são compostas principalmente por enfermeiros (73,5%), com tempo de formação entre 11 e 20 anos (41,2%) e atuação nas centrais entre cinco e 10 anos (44,1%). As atividades de gestão foram as mais citadas, seguida pelas de educação, e por fim atividades assistenciais. Conclusão: a partir deste estudo foi possível evidenciar quem são os profissionais atuantes nas Centrais de Transplantes. O enfermeiro destaca-se como integrante das equipes das centrais. A atuação do enfermeiro no processo de doação de órgãos é de extrema importância, visto que é o gestor do cuidado.(AU)

Objective: to identify the profile of professionals and the organization of work at national and state transplant centers. Method: quantitative, descriptive research carried out with 34 professionals from transplant centers. Data were collected between June and September 2020, through an electronic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: the transplant teams are mainly composed of nurses (73.5%), with training time between 11 and 20 years (41.2%) and working in the centers between five and 10 years (44.1%). Management activities were the most cited, followed by education, and finally assistance activities. Conclusion: from this study it was possible to show who are the professionals working in the Transplant Centers. The nurse stands out as a member of the teams at the centers. The role of nurses in the organ donation process is extremely important, as they are the care managers.(AU)

bjetivo: identificar el perfil de los profesionales y la organización del trabajo en los centros de trasplante nacionales y estatales. Método: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, realizada con profesionales de centros de trasplante. La recolección de datos se realizó entre junio y septiembre de 2020, a través de un cuestionario electrónico. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: los equipos de trasplante están compuestos mayoritariamente por enfermeras (73,5%), con tiempo de formación entre 11 y 20 años (41,2%) y trabajando en los centros entre cinco y 10 años (44,1%). Las actividades de gestión fueron las más citadas, seguidas de las de educación y finalmente las de asistencia. Conclusión: fue posible evidenciar quiénes son los profesionales que actúan en los Centros de Trasplante. La enfermera tiene un papel destacado como miembro del equipo al ser la gestora de cuidados en el proceso de donación de órganos.(AU)

Technologies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Teleconsultation in Care Management for Patients Undergoing Liver Transplant.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify home care management strategies for patients undergoing liver transplant, through teleconsultation, during the COVID-19 pandemic for maintenance and improvements in treatment adherence. METHODS: This was a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research study. Participants included patients who underwent liver transplant between 2020 and 2021. Through a semistructured script, data were analyzed according to the recommendations of content analysis and then simple statistics were applied. RESULTS: Twenty-two people participated in the study. Two analysis categories were developed, which resulted in 7 strategies and 22 care actions. The care strategy with the highest adherence involved actions related to the prevention of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Teleconsultation is an excellent tool to manage and supervise post-liver transplant care of patients. Considering that teleconsultation has presented strategies and care actions, which were developed by the patients, the patients have a direct effect on treatment adherence despite pandemic impositions.

Care actions in obtaining tissues and organs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study.

OBJECTIVE: to map health care actions in the organ and tissue donation process in Brazilian regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: a mixed methods study. Data collection was performed simultaneously through an online questionnaire with 72 nurses. Descriptive statistical analysis and content analysis. RESULTS: a total of 34.7% of professionals work in the state of São Paulo. The largest number of responses was from the Southeast region. Four categories emerged. The first addresses triage care actions; the second involves guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 prevention in potential donors; the third relates to the epidemiological screening of professionals; the fourth presents the scenario of donation training in pandemic times. CONCLUSION: care actions are aimed at tracking the path taken until arrival at the hospital, assessing temperature and saturation curves, in addition to screening for signs and symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 contamination among professionals.

Family Interview Evaluation for Organ Donation: Communication of Death and Information About Organ Donation.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify variables related to organ donation that can contribute to the development of best practices in planning and conducting family interviews by health professionals. METHODS: This descriptive and prospective study of quantitative approach was conducted at 2 southern Brazil health institutions referenced in organ donation. Data collection occurred between 2018 and 2019 by health professionals who conduct family interviews using validated instruments that assessed the stages of the interview. Analysis was performed by means of the proportions of the studied variables associated with the donation authorization categories per the χ2 test. The significance level adopted was 0.05. RESULTS: The variables that presented the highest level of significance in the correlation with the prevalence of family authorization for organ donation included the following: communication with the family about the results of each test in the brain death diagnostic protocol; identification of whether the family understood the information about the death; presence of a member of the transplantation commission who had training to communicate information about organ donation; presence of a family member who had power to authorize the donation; and the interval between the communication of death and information about organ donation. CONCLUSIONS: The study presents important gaps that can be filled by health teams and hospitals in order to improve the welcoming and respect for families, as well as the organ donation rates. It is important to understand that each family is unique when facing mourning, and to distance the communication of death from the discussion about organ donation is an act of respect and empathy.

Treinamento de habilidades por simulação no desenvolvimento de competências de estudantes de enfermagem / Entrenamiento de habilidades mediante simulación en el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes de enfermería / Skills training by skills development techniques for nursing students

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar as contribuições do treinamento de habilidades por simulação como estratégia pedagógica para o desenvolvimento de competências na formação de estudantes de Enfermagem. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo exploratório-descritiva. O cenário do estudo foi uma disciplina do curso de graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil. Os participantes foram os estudantes matriculados no semestre de coleta, constituindo uma amostra por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados em 2019, ao término do treinamento de habilidades, por meio de questionário composto por questões abertas. O corpus de dados foi submetido à análise temática, seguindo as etapas de pré-análise, exploração do material, tratamento dos resultados obtidos e interpretação. Resultados: vinte e cinco estudantes concordaram em participar do estudo. Os resultados compreenderam três categorias: i) Treinamento de habilidades como estratégia para desenvolver a criticidade no aprendizado; ii) O aprendizado a partir do conhecendo a si mesmo e reconhecendo sentimentos que emergiram durante a experiência; iii) Contribuições para o desenvolvimento de competências a partir de um processo dialógico. Conclusão: o treinamento de habilidades oportuniza o desenvolvimento de destreza e domínio de procedimentos técnicos antes das práticas clínicas e contribui com o processo formativo de estudantes de Enfermagem mediante o desenvolvimento de competências. Destaca-se a postura pedagógica acolhedora e receptiva das professoras, contribuindo para uma experiência positiva.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar la contribución del entrenamiento de habilidades por simulación como estrategia pedagógica para el desarrollo de competencias en la formación de estudiantes de Enfermería. Método: investigación cualitativa exploratoria-descriptiva. El escenario del estudio fue un curso de pregrado en Enfermería en una universidad pública del sur de Brasil. Los participantes eran estudiantes matriculados en el semestre de recogida, lo que constituye una muestra de conveniencia. Los datos se recogieron en 2019, al final de la formación en competencias, mediante un cuestionario compuesto por preguntas abiertas. El corpus de datos se sometió a un análisis temático, siguiendo los pasos de preanálisis, exploración del material, tratamiento de los resultados obtenidos e interpretación. Resultados: veinticinco estudiantes aceptaron participar en el estudio. Los resultados comprendieron tres categorías: i) El entrenamiento de habilidades como estrategia para desarrollar la criticidad en el aprendizaje; ii) El aprendizaje desde el conocimiento de sí mismo y el reconocimiento de los sentimientos que surgieron durante la experiencia; iii) Las contribuciones al desarrollo de competencias desde un proceso dialógico. Conclusión: el entrenamiento de habilidades permite el desarrollo de la destreza y el dominio de los procedimientos técnicos antes de las prácticas clínicas y contribuye al proceso formativo de los estudiantes de Enfermería, mediante el desarrollo de competencias. Destaca la postura pedagógica acogedora y receptiva de los profesores, contribuyendo a una experiencia positiva.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the contributions of skills training through simulation as a pedagogical strategy to develop competencies in the training of Nursing students. Method: this was a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study. The study setting was a discipline of the undergraduate Nursing course of a public university in southern Brazil. Participants were students enrolled in the collection semester, constituting a convenience sample. Data were collected in 2019, at the end of the skills training, through a questionnaire composed of open-ended questions. The data corpus was submitted to thematic analysis, following the steps of pre-analysis, material exploration, treatment of the results obtained, and interpretation. Results: twenty-five students agreed to participate in the study, and the results comprised three categories: i) Skills training as a strategy to develop criticality in learning; ii) Learning from knowing oneself and recognizing feelings that emerged during the experience; iii) Contributions to developing competencies from a dialogical process. Conclusion: skills training provides the opportunity to develop dexterity and mastery of technical procedures prior to clinical practice and contributes to the educational process of Nursing students through the development of competencies. The professors' welcoming and receptive pedagogical posture, contributing to a positive experience, stood out.

Management actions for prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections: A grounded theory approach.

AIM: To understand the management actions for prevention and control of health care-associated infections (HAIs) performed by health professionals. BACKGROUND: Prevention of nosocomial infections has evidence-based practice at its essence, but not all institutions are successful in implementing prevention methodology. METHODS: Qualitative research with Grounded Theory methodological framework. The research was carried out in two southern Brazilian hospitals. Data collected were employed through open interviews with 21 health professionals and managers. This process occurred concurrently with the data analysis, through constant comparative analysis. RESULTS: The understanding of the co-responsibility of managerial actions emerged as a central phenomenon of the theoretical model. Management actions for the prevention and control of HAIs are a collective phenomenon, in which co-responsibility sustains the effectiveness of the offered assistance. The behaviours of health teams in the face of structural and human weaknesses influence the construction of a supportive relationship in the effectiveness of patient safety actions. CONCLUSIONS: The sharing of responsibilities between professionals and the actions of prevention and control of HAIs arising from this conduct positively influence the promotion of safer and improved quality care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nursing managers should consider applying the tools to prevent and control HAIs and generate in-depth discussion to promote institution's cultural changes.

Care bundle for family interview for pediatric organ donation.

PURPOSE: to develop a care bundle for best practices in conducting the family interview for organ and tissue donation with the families of children and adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS: methodological study, with a qualitative approach, developed in Brazil, in three stages: literature review, qualitative study with professionals and family members, and development of the care bundle. RESULTS: Nine studies were selected and 17 health professionals and nine family members were interviewed. With this data, the care bundle was developed in three categories: communication of death, emotional support and information about organ and tissue donation. The recommendations were evaluated by five external professionals and all of them assessed the bundle as having the highest possible quality. CONCLUSIONS: the care bundle was built following the stages of integrative literature review and interviews with professionals working in this scenario and family members who have already gone through a family interview for organ and tissue donation of children and adolescents. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: the use of this material is seen as an important resource to support the professional during the conduction of the family interview in a scenario as sensitive and challenging as the care to family members facing death and the decision of organ and tissue donation of children and adolescents. Furthermore, the care bundle can increase the quality of family interviews and impact the reduction of family refusals. DESCRIPTORS: Practice Guideline as Topic. Tissue and Organ Procurement. Patient Care Team. Nursing. Pediatrics. Communication.

Protótipo de aplicativo móvel sobre conteúdo educativo para cuidados domiciliares de receptores de transplante hepático / Prototipo de aplicación móvil sobre contenido educativo para cuidados domiciliarios de receptores de trasplante hepático / Mobile application prototype on educational content for home care of liver transplantation recipients

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver e validar o conteúdo educativo de um protótipo de aplicativo móvel para gestão dos cuidados domiciliares de receptores de transplante hepático. Métodos Estudo metodológico para o desenvolvimento e validação de conteúdo, elaborado em três etapas: (1) revisão integrativa da literatura, (2) estudo qualitativo por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com equipe multiprofissional do transplante hepático e pacientes que foram submetidos a esse transplante e (3) validação de conteúdo por meio da técnica Delphi, com a participação de juízes com expertise na temática e receptores de transplante hepático. Resultados No total, 14 artigos originais atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e apontam cuidados voltados ao uso de medicamentos, controle da glicemia e cuidados com possíveis intercorrências e complicações. No estudo qualitativo, formou-se seis unidades de significados extraídas das entrevistas com 20 pacientes e 13 profissionais da equipe. A consolidação das informações permitiu formatar a tela inicial do aplicativo e seis abas de unidades de cuidados domiciliares. A validação de conteúdo apresentou média geral do índice de validade de 0,94 dos pacientes e 0,84 dos profissionais em todos os itens. Conclusão O conteúdo desenvolvido e validado permite a gestão de cuidados domiciliares de pacientes submetidos ao transplante hepático, que contribuirá para melhorar as taxas de sobrevida do paciente e do enxerto, diante das mudanças de vida necessárias para manutenção do novo órgão transplantado.

Resumen Objetivo Desarrollar y validar el contenido educativo de un prototipo de aplicación móvil para la gestión de los cuidados domiciliarios de receptores de trasplante hepático. Métodos Estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y validación de contenido, elaborado en tres etapas: (1) revisión integradora de la literatura, (2) estudio cualitativo por medio de entrevista semiestructurada con un equipo multiprofesional de trasplante hepático y pacientes que se sometieron a ese trasplante y (3) validación de contenido por medio de la técnica Delphi, con la participación de jueces con dominio en la temática y receptores de trasplante hepático. Resultados En total, 14 artículos originales atendieron los criterios de inclusión y señalan cuidados orientados hacia el uso de medicamentos, control de glucemia y cuidados con posibles alteraciones y complicaciones. En el estudio cualitativo, se formaron seis unidades de significados extraídas de las entrevistas con 20 pacientes y 13 profesionales del equipo. La consolidación de la información permitió formatear la pantalla inicial de la aplicación y seis pestañas de unidades de cuidados domiciliarios. La validación de contenido presentó un promedio general del índice de validez del 0,94 de los pacientes y del 0,84 de los profesionales en todos los ítems. Conclusión El contenido desarrollado y validado permite la gestión de cuidados domiciliarios de pacientes sometidos a trasplante hepático, lo que contribuirá para mejorar los índices de sobrevida del paciente y del injerto, ante los cambios de vida necesarios para el mantenimiento del nuevo órgano trasplantado.

Abstract Objective To develop and validate the educational content of a mobile application prototype for managing home care of liver transplantation recipients. Methods This is a methodological study for content development and validity, prepared in three steps: (1) integrative literature review; (2) qualitative study through semi-structured interview with a multidisciplinary liver transplantation team and patients who underwent this transplantation; and (3) content validity through the Delphi technique, with the participation of experts with expertise in the subject and liver transplantation recipients. Results In total, 14 original articles met the inclusion criteria and indicate care aimed at the use of medications, glycemia control and care with possible complications. In the qualitative study, six units of meaning extracted from the interviews with 20 patients and 13 professionals from the team were formed. Information consolidation allowed to format the application initial screen and six tabs of home care units. Content validity presented an overall mean of validity index of 0.94 for patients and 0.84 for professionals in all items. Conclusion The content developed and validated allows managing home care of patients undergoing liver transplantation, which will help to improve patient and graft survival rates, given the life changes necessary for the maintenance of the new transplanted organ.

Continuity of care for children with chronic conditions: mixed methods research / Continuidad de la atención a niños con enfermedades crónicas: investigación con métodos mixtos / Continuidade do cuidado de crianças com condições crônicas: pesquisa de métodos mistos

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the continuity of care for children with chronic conditions from the transition from hospital to home. Method: Parallel-convergent mixed-methods research, with a cross-sectional study and Grounded Theory. A characterization instrument and the Care Transitons Measure were applied to 201 legal guardians of children with chronic conditions, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 participants (among professionals and guardians). Data were combined by integration. Results: The efforts of the hospital team to promote continuity of care after discharge from the transition from hospital to home impact on the quality-of-care transition perceived by caregivers, with a mean of 89.5 (standard deviation = 12.5) points. However, the absence of formal mechanisms to guide the transition of care makes it difficult to achieve continuity of care in the health network. Conclusion: Continuity of care for children is hindered by barriers, against which hospital care professionals seek individual strategies to overcome them. It is essential to establish institutional actions and public policies aiming at the transition of care to promote continuity of care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la continuidad de los cuidados de los niños con enfermedades crónicas desde la transición del hospital al domicilio. Método: Investigación de métodos mixtos paralelo-convergentes, con un estudio transversal y la teoría fundamentada en datos. Se aplicó un instrumento de caracterización y la Care Transitons Measure a 201 tutores legales de niños con enfermedades crónicas, y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 35 participantes (entre profesionales y tutores). Los datos se combinaron por integración. Resultados: Los esfuerzos del equipo del hospital en la promoción de la continuidad de los cuidados tras el alta de la transición del hospital al domicilio repercuten en la calidad de la transición asistencial percibida por los tutores, con una media de 89,5 (desviación estándar = 12,5) puntos. Sin embargo, la ausencia de mecanismos formales para guiar la transición de la atención dificulta la consecución de la continuidad asistencial en la red sanitaria. Conclusión: La continuidad del cuidado de los niños se ve dificultada por las barreras, frente a las cuales los profesionales de la atención hospitalaria buscan estrategias individuales para superarlas. Es fundamental el establecimiento de acciones institucionales y políticas públicas para la transición del cuidado a la promoción de la continuidad del cuidado.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a continuidade do cuidado de crianças com condições crônicas a partir da transição do hospital para o domicílio. Método: Pesquisa de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente, com um estudo transversal e uma Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Foram aplicados um instrumento de caracterização e o Care Transitons Measure a 201 responsáveis legais por crianças com condições crônicas, e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 35 participantes (dentre profissionais e responsáveis). Os dados foram combinados por integração. Resultados: Os esforços da equipe hospitalar em promover a continuidade do cuidado após a alta a partir da transição do hospital para o domicílio impactam sobre a qualidade da transição do cuidado percebida pelos responsáveis, com média de 89,5 (desvio padrão = 12,5) pontos. Contudo, a ausência de mecanismos formais que orientem a transição do cuidado dificulta o alcance da continuidade do cuidado na rede de saúde. Conclusão A continuidade do cuidado de crianças é dificultada por barreiras, frente às quais os profissionais da atenção hospitalar buscam estratégias individuais para superá-las. É fundamental o estabelecimento de ações institucionais e políticas públicas visando à transição do cuidado para promoção da continuidade do cuidado.

Processo de planejamento nos centros de saúde: estudo de múltiplos casos / Proceso de planificación en los centros de salud: estudio de múltiples casos / Planning process in health centers: study of multiple cases

Objetivo: descrever o processo de planejamento em centros de saúde com resultados contrastantes, segundo os indicadores de saúde. Método: estudo de casos múltiplos, composto por quatro casos. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre março e maio de 2017, em centros de saúde, mediante pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, entrevista semiestruturada e observação não participante. Participaram 25 sujeitos, coordenadores dos centros de saúde, profissionais de nível superior das equipes, apoiadores do distrito sanitário e um gestor da área de planejamento. Cada caso foi analisado individualmente, buscando similaridades e contrastes. As descobertas de todos os casos foram totalizadas e analisadas por meio de síntese cruzada dos casos. Resultados: falta de recursos humanos, problemas interpessoais e processos de trabalho individualizados foram problemas que dificultaram o alcance de melhores resultados. Considerações finais: o trabalho integrado e a comunicação entre os profissionais facilita o desenvolvimento do planejamento e auxilia o alcance de melhores resultados.

Objetivo: describir el proceso de planificación en centros de salud con resultados contrastantes, según los indicadores de salud. Método: estudio de casos múltiples, compuesto por cuatro casos. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar entre marzo y mayo de 2017, en centros de salud, mediante investigación documental y bibliográfica, entrevista semiestructurada y observación no participante. Participaron 25 sujetos, coordinadores de los centros de salud, profesionales de nivel superior de los equipos, partidarios del distrito sanitario y un gestor del área de planificación. Cada caso fue analizado individualmente, buscando similitudes y contrastes. Los descubrimientos de todos los casos fueron totalizados y analizados por medio de síntesis cruzada de los casos. Resultados: falta de recursos humanos, problemas interpersonales y procesos de trabajo individualizados fueron problemas que dificultaron el alcance de mejores resultados. Consideraciones finales: el trabajo integrado y la comunicación entre los profesionales facilita el desarrollo de la planificación y ayuda a lograr mejores resultados.

Objective: to describe the planning process in health centers with contrasting results, according to health indicators. Method: multiple case study, consisting of four cases. Data collection took place between March and May 2017, in health centers, through documentary and bibliographic research, semi-structured interview and non-participant observation. Participants were 25 subjects, coordinators of health centers, higher level professionals of the teams, supporters of the health district and a manager of the planning area. Each case was analyzed individually, seeking similarities and contrasts. The findings of all cases were totalized and analyzed by cross-synthesis of cases. Results: lack of human resources, interpersonal problems and individualized work processes were problems that made it difficult to achieve better results. Final considerations: integrated work and communication between professionals facilitates the development of planning and helps achieve better results.